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American Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism has had a presence in the United States since colonial times and has exerted an important influence over broader American religion and culture.
==Early organization==
Established in 1706, the Presbytery of Philadelphia was the first presbytery organized in North America. Unlike their Dutch Reformed and German Reformed counterparts in North American colonies, this presbytery had no ties to a European counterpart.〔D.G. Hart & John Muether ''Seeking a Better Country: 300 Years of American Presbyterianism'' pp. 24-25〕 Two other presbyteries were soon formed and the three constituted the Synod of Philadelphia in 1717. Despite controversies over confessional subscription and the Old Side-New Side Controversy, which led to a decade-long schism, the American Presbyterians formed the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America following Americans' victory in the Revolutionary War.
At the same time, Covenanters and Seceders, with support from their churches in Scotland to establish congregations in the American colonies, with the Seceders forming the Associate Presbytery in 1753 and the Covenanters forming the Reformed Presbytery in 1774. Eventually, some in the Covenanter and Seceder traditions merged to form the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church. In 1858, the Northern Synod of the Associate Reformed Presbyterians merged with the Associate Presbyterians to form the United Presbyterian Church of North America. Other Covenanters formed the Reformed Synod around the turn of the 19th century. This lasted until the "Old Light-New Light" controversy split the Synod into two groups in 1833 when the Old Lights formed the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America and the New Lights after some years organized the Reformed Presbyterian Church, General Synod.
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